abstract：:Herons and egrets are ideal organisms to use asindicators of heavy metal exposure in an ecosystem because different speciesfeed at different levels of the food chain and live in both coastal andinland habitats. This paper reports on the concentration of heavy metals andselenium in the feathers of cattle egrets Bubulcu...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Burger J,Gochfeld M

更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of a 7-day exposure of 3-day-old wheat plantsto increasing Cd concentrations are described, with special attention beinggiven to chloroplast ultrastructural changes, chlorophyll fluorescenceresponses, chlorophyll and nutrient concentration changes as well as growthchanges of the whole plant. The plants tre...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Ouzounidou G,Moustakas M,Eleftheriou EP

更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Anaerobic biodegradation of an artificial mixture of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which simulates the PAH component of creosote, was examined under methanogenic, sulfidogenic, and nitrate-reducing conditions using creosote-contaminated sediment as the source of inoculum. PAH degradation, CH4 formation and ...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Sharak Genthner BR,Townsend GT,Lantz SE,Mueller JG

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Insecticides are increasingly being used in hot arid ecosystems. The evaluation of the ecological risk these insecticides may pose, however, is based largely on data derived from temperate organisms and ecosystems. The major differences in the composition, structure, and functioning of desert animal communities when c...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： van der Valk HC

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Residential use of pesticides has increased substantially in the United States over the past twenty years. Contact with pesticide-treated turf may result in dermal exposures, particularly among children. This study evaluated wipe sampling and foliar wash techniques to measure chlorpyrifos on turf following insecticida...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Black KG,Fenske RA

更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The influence of the nutritional state (condition factor), age, and sex of Common Guillemots (Uria aalge) on trace element levels was examined to investigate the validity of geographical comparisons of metal accumulations in dying and dead oiled seabirds. A quotient of liver mass to kidney mass was calculated as a con...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Wenzel C,Adelung D

更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Both the efficacy and fate of most foliar-applied pesticides may be affected by weather variables, especially rain. A multiple-intensity rainfall simulator was used to determine the effects of rainfall intensity and amount on concentrations of carbaryl (Sevin(R) XLS Plus) washed from soybean plants. Two hours after ca...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Willis GH,Smith S,McDowell LL,Southwick LM

更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To assess whether high school chemistry teachers had higher urinary mercury concentrations than other high school teachers, 24 high school teachers from nine schools in northeastern Ohio were studied. First morning voided urine samples and air samples from the teachers' classrooms were analyzed for total mercury conte...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Crump C,Bearer CF,Paschal DC,Rodenbaugh D,Etzel RA

更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In eight Dutch or Belgian common tern (Sterna hirundo) colonies, breeding biology and food choice were determined, and 15 second eggs were collected from three-egg clutches for artificial incubation, biochemical analysis and analysis of yolk-sac polyhalogenated hydrocarbon (PHAH) levels. Results from these analyses we...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Murk AJ,Boudewijn TJ,Menninger PL,Bosveld AT,Rossaert G,Ysebaert T,Meire P,Dirksen S

更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present investigation was to determine the extent to which mercury (Hg) provokes measurable effects on the structure of the digestive gland of slugs as well as to relate the extent of these effects to the cell and tissue distribution of Hg. For this purpose, slugs (Arion ater) received various dietary concentratio...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Marigómez I,Soto M,Kortabitarte M

更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mineralization rates of fenamiphos sulfoxide (FSO), total-toxic-residue [TTR, FSO+fenamiphos sulfone (FSO2)] disappearance rates for FSO, disappearance rates of FSO2, and metabolites in surface and subsurface soil samples collected from a turfgrass site (fairway) were determined. This site had been treated with fenami...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Chung K,Ou L

更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In addition to survival and hatching parameters, cytological alterations in liver and kidney of 4- and 6-d old zebrafish larvae (Brachydanio rerio) following single microinjection of fertilized eggs at the germ-ring stage with 5, 12.5, and 25 ng 4-chloroaniline/egg were investigated by means of electron microscopy. Wh...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Oulmi Y,Braunbeck T

更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The summer population of Mexican free-tailed bats (Tadarida brasiliensis) at Carlsbad Caverns, New Mexico, declined from an estimated 8.7 million in 1936 to 200,000 in 1974; thereafter, it increased to approximately 700,000 in 1991. This decline has been attributed primarily to organochlorine (OC) pesticide contaminat...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Thies ML,Thies K,McBee K

更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Urinary hippuric acid, phenol, and o-cresol, which are biomarkers for toluene, benzene, and phenol exposures, are usually present in a significant amount in urine collected from subjects who have not been occupationally exposed to the organic solvents. With the improvement of working environments, the urinary concentr...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Kawamoto T,Koga M,Oyama T,Kodama Y

更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of consumption of environmental contaminants contained in carp (Cyprinus carpio) from Saginaw Bay, Michigan on various hematological parameters and liver integrity of adult female mink (Mustela vision) were determined. Mink were fed diets that contained 0 (control), 10, 20, or 40% carp prior to and through...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Heaton SN,Bursian SJ,Giesy JP,Tillitt DE,Render JA,Jones PD,Verbrugge DA,Kubiak TJ,Aulerich RJ

更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Heavy metal genotoxicity was evaluated by using different microbial tests. Four genotoxicity assays were employed: the Ames test, the E. coli WP2 test, the Mutatox test detecting mutagenicity, and the SOS assay with E. coli-detecting enzyme induction. All the metals tested (cadmium, chromium, copper, mercury, nickel, ...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Codina JC,Pérez-Torrente C,Pérez-García A,Cazorla FM,de Vicente A

更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDF), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD), and mercury (Hg) were determined in blubber and liver tissues of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) collected along the ...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Lake CA,Lake JL,Haebler R,McKinney R,Boothman WS,Sadove SS

更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Data from Mixed Flask Culture (MFC) microcosms and fish single species toxicity tests were used to select treatment concentrations for littoral enclosure studies. Selected concentrations were evaluated by comparing the predicted responses to those observed in littoral enclosure studies with a pyrethroid pesticide, esf...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Stay FS,Jarvinen AW

更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:n-Butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP) and di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) were evaluated and compared for their developmental toxic potential. Pregnant rats were given either BBP or DBP by gastric intubation at a dose of 0.75, 1.0 and 1.25 g/kg on days 7-9, days 10-12 and days 13-15 of pregnancy. Regardless of the days of treatme...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Ema M,Kurosaka R,Amano H,Ogawa Y

更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Agronomic practices followed in recent years have caused the agrarian sector to depend heavily on agri-chemicals such as herbicides, but herbicides have negative environmental consequences. Their usage has resulted in chemicals being introduced into the groundwater. Although the contaminants are in trace amounts, litt...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Biradar DP,Rayburn AL

更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Demographic characteristics of a white-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus) population inhabiting a woodland containing a low level of PCBs contamination were compared to an uncontaminated reference site. Although population density was higher on the PCBs-contaminated grid, the population exhibited greater temporal vari...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Linzey AV,Grant DM

更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The development of Xenopus laevis (African clawed frog) embryos exposed to the pesticide Guthion (technical grade) and Guthion 2S (commercial formulation) was evaluated in modified Frog Embryo Teratogenesis Assay--Xenopus (FETAX) tests. The embryos were exposed to five or six increasing concentrations of pesticide in ...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Schuytema GS,Nebeker AV,Griffis WL

更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mercury, cadmium, zinc, and copper concentrations were analyzed in three samples of common guillemot (in April, June, and November). Levels measured were uniformly low, and not enough to have any toxic effects. Adult guillemots had significantly more cadmium in their livers and kidneys than juveniles, with juvenile le...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Stewart FM,Thompson DR,Furness RW,Harrison N

更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Seasonal changes in metal (Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, and Zn) concentrations were observed in the digestive gland of the Mediterranean mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis, from both a polluted and a non-polluted population. Digestive gland of mussels from the polluted site showed metal concentrations appreciably higher than in non...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Regoli F,Orlando E

更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pentachlorophenol (PCP) is a widespread contaminate of soils and ground water throughout North America. Earlier studies have indicated that microbial biodegradation leads to the formation of intermediate metabolites which are more toxic than the parent compound. Microbial degradation is by three general pathways: dech...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Bryant SE,Schultz TW

更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Stimulation of hepatic microsomal NAD(P)H-dependent hydroxyl radical (.OH) production by model compounds, viz. menadione (2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone) and nitrofurantoin (N-(5-nitro-2-furfurylidene)-1-aminohydantoin), and pollutant xenobiotics, viz. benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) diones (products of microsomal BaP metabolism), ...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Lemaire P,Matthews A,Förlin L,Livingstone DR

更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of mercury as Hg2Cl2 and HgCl2 on the antioxidant enzyme levels and its toxicity was investigated in an insect model comprised of adult females of the common housefly, Musca domestica, and fourth-instar larvae of the cabbage looper moth, Trichoplusia ni. HgCl2 was found to be more toxic than Hg2Cl2 to both ...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Zaman K,MacGill RS,Johnson JE,Ahmad S,Pardini RS

更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have studied distribution of pentachlorophenol (PCP)--a major environmental pollutant--between egg-phosphatidylcholine (egg-PC) membranes and water. The objectives were (1) to compare the membrane-water partition of the un-ionized (HA) and ionized (A) PCP, and (2) to establish similarities and differences between t...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Smejtek P,Wang S

更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Twenty-seven pesticides, with which people are concerned, especially as residues in food, were examined in vitro for their effects on hepatocytes, mitochondria, and microsomes isolated from male rats. Nineteen pesticides returned non-protein sulfhydryl (NPSH) contents in hepatocytes to less than 80% of control at conc...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Yamano T,Morita S

更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mono-ortho and non-ortho coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were analyzed in Aroclors, seals, and humans by graphitized carbon, a recently developed HPLC method (Hong et al. 1992b) and high-resolution gas chromatography with electron capture detection (HRGC/ECD). The concentration data were multiplied by potenc...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Hong CS,Bush B,Xiao J,Qiao H

更新日期：1993-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Herbicidal-mixtures have not been adequately studied in biological systems. Therefore, mixtures of three commonly-used herbicides were evaluated. Alachlor (AL), atrazine (AT), picloram (PI), AL+AT, AT+PI, PI+AL and AL+AT+PI, at 10 ppm (in drinking water) of each herbicide, were provided to mice for 30, as well as for ...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Chaturvedi AK

更新日期：1993-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Samples of wild rice grains available for sale in Manitoba, Canada contained < 0.01-6.2 micrograms/g cadmium, < 0.01-6.7 micrograms/g lead, and 1.6-14.4 micrograms/g copper. Rice originating from Saskatchewan and northern Manitoba contained significantly higher copper concentrations than samples from Ontario and south...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Pip E

更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Using the growth response of the green alga Chlorella vulgaris as a model system, the effects of combinations of the environmentally active cations Cd, Co, and Cu were evaluated. The 96-h static EC50 for these cations to C. vulgaris were, respectively, 0.89 microM, 9.0 microM, and 2.8 microM, yielding a toxicity serie...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Rachlin JW,Grosso A

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Secondary effects of a single dose of the insecticide Dursban 4E (active ingredient chlorpyrifos) were studied in indoor experimental freshwater ecosystems intended to mimic drainage ditches. Two experiments were performed, one in which all model ecosystems were dominated by the macrophyte Elodea muttallii, and one us...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Brock TC,van den Bogaert M,Bos AR,van Breukelen SW,Reiche R,Terwoert J,Suykerbuyk RE,Roijackers RM

更新日期：1992-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study established the influence of dietary neomycin sulphate on the rate of hydrolysis of ochratoxin A (OA) by digesta from the intestine, and its effect on the excretion of OA and its hydrolyzed metabolite, alpha ochratoxin (O alpha), in the urine and feces of the rat. The first in vitro study demonstrated that ...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Madhyastha MS,Marquardt RR,Frohlich AA

更新日期：1992-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mussel Anodontites trapesialis (Lam, 1819) was used as an indicator of organochlorine pollutants in the Pardo River, located in the municipality of Ribeirão Preto (21 degrees 07'S and 47 degrees 45'W), State of São Paulo, Brazil. Biological monitoring was performed for one year at the site of a sugar cane grove on...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Lopes JL,Casanova IC,de Figueireido MC,Nather FC,Avelar WE

更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The quantitative determination in organs of Oncorhynchus mykiss W. of a premetallized dye (C.I. Acid Violet 66) and the azoic base (C.I. Acid Red 217), used in wool dyeing, is studied in this paper. UV-VIS Spectrophotometry was used for the chromatic quantification and atomic absorption spectrophotometry for the detec...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Riva MC,Flos R,Crespi M,Pepió M

更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous studies have indicated that chemicals, e.g., hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) decrease plasma thyroxin levels through interaction with transthyretin. As a consequence, plasma vitamin A and thyroxin are depleted. Both thyroxin and vitamin A are important regulators of normal epithelial differentia...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Heussen GA,Hikspoors ML,Spenkelink A,Brouwer A,Koeman JH

更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Burrowing mayflies (Hexagenia bilineata) were analyzed to assess longitudinal patterns in their cadmium and mercury content along the upper Mississippi River. Emergent mayflies (subimagoes and imagoes) were collected in 1988 at 34 sites (25 navigation pools), extending 1260 km from Little Falls, Minnesota, downstream ...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Dukerschein JT,Wiener JG,Rada RG,Steingraeber MT

更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cadmium (Cd) inhibited the activities of Na(+)-K+ ATPase (IC50 = 5.0 x 10(-5) M), K(+)-p-nitrophenyl phosphatase (PNPPase) (IC50 = 4.0 x 10(-5) M) and 3H-ouabain binding (IC50 = 7.5 x 10(-5) M) in rat brain microsomes. Monothiols (cysteine but not glutathione and D-penicillamine) and dithiols (dimercaprol, dimercaptos...

journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology

authors： Chetty CS,Cooper A,McNeil C,Rajanna B

更新日期：1992-05-01 00:00:00